(libc.info.gz) Tilde Expansion

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 10.4.5 Details of Tilde Expansion
 ---------------------------------
 
 It's a standard part of shell syntax that you can use '~' at the
 beginning of a file name to stand for your own home directory.  You can
 use '~USER' to stand for USER's home directory.
 
    "Tilde expansion" is the process of converting these abbreviations to
 the directory names that they stand for.
 
    Tilde expansion applies to the '~' plus all following characters up
 to whitespace or a slash.  It takes place only at the beginning of a
 word, and only if none of the characters to be transformed is quoted in
 any way.
 
    Plain '~' uses the value of the environment variable 'HOME' as the
 proper home directory name.  '~' followed by a user name uses
 'getpwname' to look up that user in the user database, and uses whatever
 directory is recorded there.  Thus, '~' followed by your own name can
 give different results from plain '~', if the value of 'HOME' is not
 really your home directory.
 

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