(accounting.info.gz) last

 
 `last'
 ******
 
    `last' looks through the `wtmp' file (which records all
 logins/logouts) and prints information about connect times of users.
 Records are printed from most recent to least recent.  Records can be
 specified by tty and username.  tty names can be abbreviated: `last 0'
 is equivalent to `last tty0'.
 
    Multiple arguments can be specified: `last root console' will print
 all of the entries for the user `root' and all entries logged in on the
 `console' tty.
 
    The special users `reboot' and `shutdown' log in when the system
 reboots or (surprise) shuts down.  `last reboot' will produce a record
 of reboot times.
 
    If `last' is interrupted by a quit signal, it prints out how far its
 search in the `wtmp' file had reached and then quits:
      weerapan  ttyq6    132.162.32.37    Mon Feb 15 19:07 - 19:21  (00:13)
      weerapan  ttyq6    132.162.32.37    Mon Feb 15 19:07 - 19:21  (00:13)
      
      interrupted at Mon Feb 15 19:07:52 1993
 
 Flags
 =====
 
    This program implements the features of regular u*x `last' with a few
 extra flags.  When `last' is invoked with no arguments, the output
 looks like this:
      gr151     ttyp2    ray.cs.oberlin.e Tue Feb 16 17:40   still logged in
      jhoggard  ttyp2    csts.cs.oberlin. Tue Feb 16 17:39 - 17:39  (00:00)
      jstarr    ttyp1    UNIX5.ANDREW.CMU Tue Feb 16 17:38   still logged in
      jberman   ttypb    132.162.32.25    Tue Feb 16 17:34   still logged in
      alee      ttyp7    csts.cs.oberlin. Tue Feb 16 17:34   still logged in
      jbrick    ttyp2    ocvaxa.cc.oberli Tue Feb 16 17:33 - 17:36  (00:03)
      mbastedo  ttypc    ocvaxa.cc.oberli Tue Feb 16 17:25 - 17:26  (00:01)
      rgoodste  ttypb    ocvaxa.cc.oberli Tue Feb 16 17:22 - 17:26  (00:03)
      huttar    ttyp9    lobby.ti.com     Tue Feb 16 17:19   still logged in
      klutz     ttyp3    132.162.32.25    Tue Feb 16 17:14   still logged in
 
 `--no-truncate-ftp-entries'
      When printing out the information, don't chop the number part off
      of `ftp'XXXX entries.
 
 `-NUMBER'
 `-n NUMBER'
 `--lines NUMBER'
      Limit the number of lines that `last' prints.
 
 `-f FILENAME'
 `--file FILENAME'
      Read from the file FILENAME instead of the system's `wtmp' file.
 
 `-y'
 `--print-year'
      Print out the year when displaying dates.
 
 `-s'
 `--print-seconds'
      Print out seconds when displaying dates and durations.
 
 `--complain'
      When the `wtmp' file has a problem (a time-warp, missing record,
      or whatever), print out an appropriate error.
 
 `-x'
 `--more-records'
      Print out run level changes, shutdowns, and time changes in
      addition to the normal records.
 
 `-a'
 `--all-records'
      Print out all records in the `wtmp' file.
 
 `-i'
 `--ip-address'
      Some machines store the IP address of a connection in a utmp
      record.  Enabling this option makes `last' print the IP address
      instead of the hostname.
 
 `--tw-leniency VALUE'
      Set the time warp leniency value (in seconds).  See the `ac'
      chapter for information.
 
 `--tw-suspicious VALUE'
      Set the time warp suspicious value (in seconds).  See the `ac'
      chapter for information.
 
 `--debug'
      Print verbose internal information.
 
 `-V'
 `--version'
      Print `last''s version number.
 
 `-h'
 `--help'
      Print `last''s usage string and default locations of system files
      to standard output.
 
 Problems
 ========
 
 The Clock Change Problem
 ........................
 
    Of the `last's I've tried, all of them have had problems parsing a
 system clock change.  Instead of modifying the entries that have been
 read, they just ignore the change and give you incorrect values.  GNU
 `last' knows about clock changes and prints the correct times.
 
 *TANGIBLE RESULT:* if you `diff' the output of your `last' and GNU
 `last', entries after (before, rather) a clock change will be off by
 the amount of the clock change.
 
 The Ftp Problem
 ...............
 
    Most `last's that I've examined have the same problem here as `ac'
 does--they log everyone out as soon as they see an ftp entry.
 
 *TANGIBLE RESULT:* GNU `last' will reflect the correct time spent in an
 ftp session, so the totals that it gives will most likely be greater
 than those given by the system `last'.
Info Catalog
(accounting.info.gz) accton
(accounting.info.gz) Top
(accounting.info.gz) lastcomm
automatically generated by info2html